Down Payment Calculator

The down payment decides three things at once: your loan size, your monthly payment, and whether you pay mortgage insurance. This calculator shows the deposit amount and resulting loan from a purchase price and percentage, so you can see what each extra percentage point actually buys.

Inputs

Result

80,000

Financed amount 320,000

How the down payment calculator works

Down payment = purchase price × percentage. Loan amount = price − down payment.

Loan-to-value = loan ÷ price. Crossing below 80% LTV — that is, 20% down — is what removes private mortgage insurance on most conventional loans.

Cash needed at closing is more than the deposit: add closing costs, typically 2–5% of the price, plus prepaid escrow.

Worked example: 400,000 home at three deposit levels

  1. 5% down: 20,000 deposit, 380,000 loan, plus PMI of roughly 160 a month.
  2. 10% down: 40,000 deposit, 360,000 loan, PMI around 120 a month.
  3. 20% down: 80,000 deposit, 320,000 loan, no PMI.
  4. At 6.5% over 30 years, P&I is 2,402 / 2,275 / 2,022 respectively.
  5. Going from 10% to 20% costs 40,000 upfront and saves 373 a month including PMI — about 134,000 over the full term.

Common mistakes to avoid

Budgeting only for the deposit

Closing costs, moving, immediate repairs and furniture routinely add 3–6% of the price. Buyers who spend every last unit on the deposit start ownership with no reserves.

Draining the emergency fund to reach 20%

Avoiding PMI is worth money, but not at the cost of having zero buffer when a roof or a job goes. PMI can be removed later; a financial shock cannot be undone.

Assuming PMI disappears automatically

Some loans require a request once you reach 20% equity; some government-backed loans carry insurance for the whole term regardless.

Frequently asked questions

How much down payment do I need?

Conventional loans can start near 3–5%, while 20% avoids mortgage insurance. The right answer is the largest deposit that still leaves closing costs and an emergency fund intact.

What is loan-to-value?

The loan as a percentage of the property value. 20% down is an 80% LTV, which is the usual threshold for better pricing.

How much is PMI?

Typically 0.3–1.5% of the loan a year, varying with credit score and LTV. On a 360,000 loan that is roughly 90–450 a month.

Can I use gifted funds?

Most programmes allow gifts with a documented letter confirming the money is not a loan. Rules on the minimum from your own funds vary.

Is a bigger deposit better than a shorter term?

A shorter term usually saves more interest per unit of extra monthly outlay, but it locks in a higher required payment. A bigger deposit keeps flexibility.

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